Exploring Early Christian Identity

doi:10.1628/978-3-16-151515-6

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Exploring Early Christian Identity

Edited by Bengt Holmberg

2008. 213 pages.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament (WUNT I) 226

DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-151515-6

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Summary

The authors of this book investigate the dynamic first century of Christianity by focusing on its identity. This is a social construction including all aspects of group life. Internal conflicts play a role in shaping identity, as well as learning from encounters with the surrounding world.

The main point of emphasis in the book is that approaching the Christian movement's early history through investigating its identity helps us to understand how the followers of Jesus developed from an intra-Jewish messianic renewal movement into a new religion with a major Gentile membership and major differences from its Jewish matrix - all in only a hundred years. Identity is not simply a collection of beliefs that was agreed upon by many first-century Christians. It is embedded, or rather, embodied in real life as participation in the founding myths (narrativized memory of and accepted teaching on Jesus), in cults and rituals as well as in ethical teaching and behavioral norms, crystallized into social relations and institutions. This is a dynamic feedback process, full of conflicts and difficulties, both internal and caused by the surrounding society and culture. The authors explore different aspects of identity, such as how the Gospels' narrativization of the social memory shapes and is shaped by the identity of the groups from which they emerge, how labels such as »Jewish« and »Christian« should and should not be understood, the identity-forming role of behavioral norms in letters, and the interplay between competing leadership ideals and the underlying unity of different Christian groups. They also show that identity formation is not necessarily related to innovation in moral teaching, nor averse to making use of ancient conventions of masculinity with their emphasis on dominance.

Table of contents:

Bengt Holmberg: Understanding the First Hundred Years of Christian Identity - Samuel Byrskog: Memory and Identity in the Gospels: A New Perspective - Anders Runesson: The Invention of Christian Identity: Paul, Ignatius, and Theodosius- Rikard Roitto: Behaving like a Christ-Believer. A Cognitive Perspective on Identity and Behavior Norms in the Early Christ-Movement - Mikael Tellbe: The Prototypical Christ-Believer. Early Christian Identity Formation in Ephesus - Runar Thorsteinsson: The Role of Morality in the Rise of Roman Christianity - Fredrik Ivarsson: Christian Identity as True Masculinity - Bengt Holmberg: Early Christian identity - some conclusions