Theology

Marius Heemstra

The Fiscus Judaicus and the Parting of the Ways

[Der Fiscus Judaicus und die Trennung der Wege.]

2010. XIII, 241 pages.

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2. Reihe 277

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ISBN 978-3-16-151620-7
DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-151620-7
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Published in English.
Drawing special attention to the Roman and Jewish context of the Book of Revelation, the Letter to the Hebrews, and the Gospel of John, Marius Heemstra argues that the »harsh« administration of the Fiscus Judaicus (96 CE) accelerated the parting of the ways between Judaism and Christianity, resulting in two separate religions.
Marius Heemstra argues that the »harsh« administration of the Fiscus Judaicus under the Roman emperor Domitian (81–96) and the reform of this Fiscus under the emperor Nerva (96–98), accelerated the parting of the ways between Judaism and Christianity, resulting in two separate religions.
From 96 CE onwards, Roman authorities used a more pointed definition of »Jew«, which made it easier for them to distinguish between Judaism (an accepted religion within the empire) and Christianity (an illegal religious movement). This parting should primarily be interpreted as a break between Jewish Christians and mainstream Judaism. Both parties claimed to be the true representatives of the continuing history of Israel. In this study, the author pays special attention to the Roman and Jewish context of the Book of Revelation, the Letter to the Hebrews, and the Gospel of John, including the debate about the birkat ha-minim.
Authors/Editors

Marius Heemstra Born 1960; 1985 Masters Degree (Ancient History) from the University of Groningen; 2006 Masters Degree (Theology) from the University of Groningen; 2009 PhD from the University of Groningen; Insurance Manager for a multinational Dutch telecom operator.

Reviews

The following reviews are known:

In: www.biblicalarchaeology.org — 2012, Heft 6, S. 66 (Shaye J.D. Cohen)
In: Bryn Mawr Classical Review — http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2011/2011–12–07.html (12/2011) (Jack Gibson)
In: Recherches de Science Religieuse (RSR) — 100 (2012), S. 276–279 (Katell Berthelot)
In: Zeitschr. f. Religionswissenschaft — 19 (2011), S. 250–251 (Angelika Rohrbacher)
In: Theologische Revue — 108 (2012), S. 127–128 (Markus Öhler)
In: Revue d'histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses — 91 (2011), S. 422–423 (Ch. Grappe)
In: Journal of Ecumenical Studies — 47 (2012), S. 141–142 (Daniel F. Polish)
In: Journal for the Study of the New Testament (JSNT) — 33.5 (2011), S. 125–126 (Jutta Leonhardt-Balzer)
In: The Expository Times — 122 (2010), S. 149–150 (Paul Foster)
In: Journal of Ecclesiastical History — 62 (2011), S. 352–355 (James Carleton Paget)
In: New Testament Abstracts — 55 (2011), S. 196
In: Biblische Zeitschrift — 58 (2014), S. 146–149 (Boris Paschke)
In: Zeitschr. f. Kirchengeschichte — 122 (2011), S. 336–337 (Walter Ameling)
In: Verkündigung u. Forschung — 65 (2020), pp. 17–25 (Stefan Krauter)
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