Economics

In the course of the widespread digitalization, technically innovative internet payment methods have developed alongside the booming online trade. This includes so-called payment initiation services. These enable simple payment on the Internet without a credit card, based solely on online banking. However, access to the account (open banking) also entails specific risks.

With artificial intelligence developing at breathtaking speed, the question arises of whether future companies will be managed by machines instead of people. As s elf-driving corporations appear on the horizon, Tobias Ponßen shows that existing standards under corporate law - according to which managing directors must be natural persons - can also be defended in the future because the law reserves company management rights to individuals based on their morality, placing the focus on legitimacy not efficiency and creating a human proviso.

In this collection of articles, jurists and economists address fundamental problems of German tort law, using the interdisciplinary approach of economic analysis of law and a comparative perspective. Inter alia, recent climate change litigation from the Netherlands is discussed.

The newest edition of this authoritative volume has been comprehensively revised to include all the latest facts and figures relating to recent economic developments. Widening the big picture of macroeconomics to provide an up-to-date overview, Lutz Arnold surveys and deals with a host of fresh innovations, such as alternatives to gross domestic product as an indicator of wealth, the introduction in 2023 of Germany's Citizen's Income, new fears of technological unemployment as artificial intelligence advances apace, the consequences of quantitative easing in the 2010s, inflation in 2022/23, plus the regulatory consequences of the 2007-09 financial crisis.