Law

Benedikt Linder's study fills a research gap on minimum penalties, a topic rarely explored despite a high legislative interest. It examines their legal, constitutional, and practical implications, showing through empirical data that excessive minimum penalties are rarely applied and usually avoided in practice. The work outlines the various problems caused by this phenomenon and suggests possible solutions.

Self-defence is directed against the attacker - but what applies when defensive action simultaneously affects legal interests of the public at large? Philipp Alexander Burek explores a largely neglected borderline area of criminal law scholarship and recalibrates the law of self-defence where criminal offences protect multiple legal interests.

How can the costs of environmental protection be financed? This volume approaches this question from an interdisciplinary perspective. It combines academic foundations with practical approaches and highlights ways to achieve a fair distribution of environmental costs - in the interest of a sustainable future.

To enable banking supervision to operate effectively, it must - similar to central banks - be shielded from undue influences by politics and the banking sector. At the same time, action within the scope of its mandate must be ensured. Christopher Finck examines the relation between independence and democratic accountability in banking supervision.